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One way to do so would be to elaborate on what respecting and ensuring respect for IHL means across four dimensions: Who should do what, when and where? Regulating AWS and the question of human–machine interaction States should therefore seek further clarification. SIPRI’s research, however, shows that existing IHL does not provide sufficiently clear guidance about what is required from humans (and permitted from technology) in the use of force. In search for answers, States are looking to international humanitarian law (IHL) as one of the applicable legal frameworks. While the benefits and risks associated with the use of AWS remain subject to debate, progress in autonomy has led the international community to consider one fundamental question: what is the role of humans in the use of force, and to what extent-if any-life and death decisions may be “delegated” to machines? While this capability may present operational and humanitarian benefits, it could also raise fundamental legal, ethical and strategic concerns. AWS, by most definitions, differ from other weapons by their ability to select and engage targets without human intervention, once activated. AWS: what the law says – and does not say – about the human role in the use of forceĪutonomous weapon systems (AWS) may radically transform the way humans make decisions in armed conflicts.
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